Ukuhlaziywa Kwezimpawu Zephutha kanye Nezimbangela Zokulahleka Kwesigaba Kumawindi Ezimoto Ezigaba Ezintathu
Ukulahlekelwa kwesigaba kuyiphutha eliyingqayizivele likagesi le amamotho ezigaba ezintathu, okungenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwemoto noma ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwayo. Kungase kubangelwe izinkinga kwikhwalithi yokukhiqiza yemoto noma izinkinga phakathi nokusetshenziswa kwayo.
Izici ezilimele zama-motor windings zishisiwe ngenxa yokusebenza kokulahlekelwa kwesigaba zisobala kakhulu. Uma kubhekwa kusukela ekugcineni kwe-motor windings, izimpawu zokusha ezisatshalaliswa njalo zingabonakala. Kumamotho anoxhumo lwe-delta, ama-windings akhombisa ukusabalalisa lapho isigaba esisodwa sonakalisiwe futhi izigaba ezimbili zisesimweni esihle. Kumamotho anoxhumo lwenkanyezi, kukhombisa ukusatshalaliswa lapho izigaba ezimbili zinephutha futhi isigaba esisodwa sisesimweni esihle. Iqembu le-pole-phase yephutha lishiswa libe mnyama noma libe nsundu ngokumnyama, kuyilapho isigaba esisodwa noma ezimbili ezisele zama-windings ziqinile noma zishiswe kancane.
1.Iziphi izinkinga zekhwalithi yokukhiqiza ezingaholela ekusebenzeni kokulahlekelwa kwesigaba semoto?
Umsebenzi wokulahlekelwa kwesigaba ungabangelwa amaphutha okuxhumana. Enqubweni yokukhiqiza yeisigaba sesithathu imoto, izinkinga zokuxhuma ezihilelekile zifaka phakathi ukuxhunywa kokujika kwesigaba esisodwa, ukuxhumana phakathi kwamajika kanye nentambo eholayo, uxhumano lokwahlulela intambo eholayo kanye netheminali, kanye nokuxhumana nebhulokhi yetheminali. Uma noma iyiphi yalezi zixhumanisi inqanyuliwe, ingaholela ekusebenzeni kokulahleka kwesigaba senjini.
Uma uhlola iphutha lokulahlekelwa kwesigaba, uma kuyinkinga yokuxhuma ngaphakathi kwe-motor, ngokuyisisekelo kungase kubangelwe inkinga yekhwalithi yokukhiqiza; ngaphandle kwalokho, kuyinkinga ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa injini.
Mayelana nokuxhumana kwe- isigaba sesithathu imoto, senze ukuhlaziywa okuqondile kanye nengxoxo kusukela kumbono webhalansi yokumelana. Muva nje, umngane ubuze ngenani lamalunga kuma-motor windings. Akukho mthethonqubo othize kule ndaba emazingeni obuchwepheshe bemoto. Kodwa-ke, kusukela ekuhlaziyweni kokuthembeka kokukhiqiza kwangempela, inani lamalunga ngaphakathi kwama-windings kufanele lincishiswe ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba ukungathembeki kwanoma yikuphi ukuxhumana kungase kube imbangela yamaphutha afana nama-inter-turn short circuits, ama-inter- phase short circuits, amaphutha aphansi, nokulahlekelwa kwesigaba. Ngakho-ke, ngokwemibono yokuklama kanye nenqubo, inani lamalungu kufanele lincishiswe ngokwezinga elikhulu ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi izinhlelo zokuxhuma ezinokwethenjelwa kufanele zamukelwe ezikhundleni ezidingekayo ezihlangene.
Ngokuphathelene nenqubo yokuxhuma yama-windings, abakhiqizi abahlukene banezinyathelo ezahlukene, kodwa imfuneko yokugcina yokuthembeka iyafana. Ukuphendula le nkinga, abakhiqizi bemishini abaningi baye bathuthukisa imishini esezingeni eliphakeme, engaxazulula kangcono ukuxhumana phakathi kwezintambo zikagesi, phakathi kwezintambo zikagesi kanye nezintambo zomthofu, naphakathi kwezintambo zomthofu namatheminali, okunciphisa kakhulu amaphutha okuxhumana kwama-motor windings.
2.Amaphutha okulahlekelwa kwesigaba phakathi nenqubo yokusebenzisa
Ngokusobala akulungile futhi akuwona neze isayensi ukumane uveze iphutha lokulahlekelwa kwesigaba inkinga ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Nokho, amaphutha amaningi okulahlekelwa kwesigaba abangelwa ukusetshenziswa okungafanele. Uma noma iyiphi injini ixhunywe kugesi, izobandakanya amaswishi. Ukuhambisana nokusebenza kwamaswishi, ukuxhumana phakathi kwentambo yamandla kanye nenjini, nokuhambisana nendawo yokufaka amandla kuthinta ngokuqondile ukusebenza okuvamile kwenjini. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa okuvamile nokungajwayelekile kuyisihluthulelo sokugwema izinkinga ezinjalo.
Ukuze ugweme izinkinga ezinjalo, ikakhulukazi kuma-motor amakhulu nama-high-voltage motors, amadivaysi okulawula afana nokuvikelwa kokulahlekelwa kwesigaba, ukuvikelwa kwe-overcurrent kanye ne-overvoltage, nokuvikelwa kwamanje kanye nokungalingani kwe-voltage kuye kwavela. Nakuba kubonakala sengathi kwenyusa izindleko ezithile, ukuphepha kokusebenza kwemoto nemishini kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwezingozi kwesinye isici.
